{"id":10206,"date":"2023-01-02T23:55:21","date_gmt":"2023-01-03T06:55:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/?page_id=10206"},"modified":"2023-01-13T09:16:43","modified_gmt":"2023-01-13T16:16:43","slug":"circuit-split-case-law","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/?page_id=10206","title":{"rendered":"Six Decades of Federal Court Conflict  &#8211; Amendments, Academic Studies &#038; Case Law"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Amendments to the False Claims Act of 1863 (&#8220;<em>FCA<\/em>&#8221; and &#8220;<em>Lincoln Law<\/em>&#8220;)<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fraud-Enforcement-and-Recovery-Act-of-2009.pdf\">Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Senate-Report-99-345-FCA-excerpt.pdf\">Senate Report No. 99-345 of the False Claims Amendments Act of 1986<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">US Supreme Court &#8211; Implied False Certification &amp; Fraudulent Inducement<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Universal-Health-Services-2-copy.pdf\"><em>United Health Servs., Inc. v. US ex rel. Escobar<\/em>, ___ U.S. ___, 136 S.Ct. 1989, 2002-03, 195 L.Ed.2d 348 (2016)<\/a><\/strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Universal-Health-Services-2-copy.pdf\"><em>(&#8220;[I]implied false certification theory can &#8230; provide a basis for [False Claims Act] liability&#8221;)<\/em><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-ex-rel.-Marcus-v.-Hess.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Marcus v. Hess<\/em>, 317 U.S. 537, 63 S.Ct. 379, 87 L.Ed. 443 (1943)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-ex-rel.-Marcus-v.-Hess.pdf\"><em>(&#8220;The initial fraudulent action and every step thereafter taken pressed ever to the ultimate goal \u2014 payment of government money to persons who had caused it to be defrauded.&#8221;)<\/em><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Academic Studies of Federal Court Discord\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syracuse-Law-Review.pdf\">Joel D. Hesch,\u00a0<em>A Comprehensive Analysis of the False Claims Act&#8217;s Unique Statute of Limitations: The Supreme Court&#8217;s Ruling in Cochise Consultancy, Inc. Was a Good Start but Left Much to Do,<\/em> <\/a><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Syracuse-Law-Review.pdf\">70 Syracuse L. Rev. 773 (2020)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Comprehensive-Analysis-Hesch.pdf\">Scott K. Zesch<\/a><\/span>\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/When-Does-Statute-of-Limitations-Begin-to-Run-in-Action-under-False-Claims-Act-31-USCA-3729-3733-copy.pdf\">, <em>When Does Statute of Limitations Begin to Run in Action under False Claims Act (31 U.S.C.A. \u00a7\u00a7 3729-3733)<\/em>, 139 A.L.R. 645 \u00a7 4 (1997)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10384 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-05-at-2.00.58-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"916\" height=\"557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-05-at-2.00.58-PM.png 916w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-05-at-2.00.58-PM-300x182.png 300w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-05-at-2.00.58-PM-768x467.png 768w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-05-at-2.00.58-PM-624x379.png 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 916px) 100vw, 916px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SOL Triggered by Date of\u00a0<span style=\"caret-color: #000000;\">False\u00a0<\/span>Claim (Date of Payment Immaterial)<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/?page_id=9735\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><em>US ex rel. Tracy v. Emigration Improvement District et al<\/em>., No. 21-4059 (10th Cir. 2022)<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Karvelas-v.-Melrose-Wakefield-Hosp..pdf\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><em>US ex rel. Karvelas v. Melrose-Wakefield Hosp.<\/em>, 360 F. 3d 220, 225 (1st Cir. 2004)<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Vanoosterhout-copy.pdf\"><em>United States v. Vanoosterhout<\/em>, 898 F.Supp. 25 (D.D.C.1995), judgment aff&#8217;d, 96 F.3d 1491 (D.C.Cir. 1996)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-v.-Rivera.pdf\"><em>United States v. Rivera<\/em>, 55 F. 3d 703, 709 (1st Cir. 1995)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Woodbury.pdf\"><em>United States v. Woodbury<\/em>, 359 F. 2d 370, 375 (9th Cir. 1966)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Ueber-copy.pdf\"><em>United States v. Ueber<\/em>, 299 F.2d 310, 312\u201313 (6th Cir. 1962)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Smith-v.-United-States.pdf\"><em>Smith v. United States<\/em>, 287 F.2d 299, 304 (5th Cir. 1961)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Bauchwitz-v.-Holloman-3.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Bauchwitz v. Holloman<\/em>, 671 F. Supp. 2d 674 (E.D. Pa. 2009)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-ex.-rel.-Colunga-v.-Hercules-Inc.-1998-WL-310481-D.Utah-1998.pdf\"><em>US ex. rel. Colunga v. Hercules, Inc<\/em>., 1998 WL 310481 (D. Utah 1998)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/U.S.-ex-rel.-Sanders-v.-East-Alabama-Healthcare-Authority-953-F.-Supp.-1404-M.D.-Ala.-1996.pdf\"><em>U.S. ex rel. Sanders v. East Alabama Healthcare Authority<\/em>, 953 F. Supp. 1404 (M.D. Ala. 1996)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-ex-rel.-Condie-v.-Board-of-Regents-of-University-of-California.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Condie v. Board of Regents of University of California<\/em>, 1993 WL 740185 *3 (N.D. Cal. 1993)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Hartigan-v.-Palumbo-Bros..pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Hartigan v. Palumbo Bros., Inc<\/em>., 797 F. Supp. 624, 629 (N.D. Ill. 1992)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Etin.pdf\"><em>United States v. Etin<\/em>, 750 F.Supp. 512, 517 (S.D. Fla. 1990)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-ex-rel.-La-Valley-v.-First-Nat.-Bank-of-Boston-707-F.Supp_.-1351-1352-n.-2-D.Mass_.1988.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. La Valley v. First Nat. Bank of Boston<\/em>, 707 F.Supp. 1351, 1352 n. 2 (D.Mass. 1988)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Cripps.pdf\"><em>United States v. Cripps<\/em>, 451 F. Supp. 598 (E.D. Mich. 1978)<br \/>\n<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">SOL Triggered by Date of Payment \/\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Type of Damages \/ Fraudulent Inducement<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Miller-v.-Weston-Educational-Inc..pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Miller v. Weston Educational, Inc<\/em>., 840 F. 3d 494 (8th Cir. 2016)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-v.-United-Technologies-Corp..pdf\"><em>United States v. United Technologies Corp<\/em>., 626 F. 3d 313 (6th Cir. 2010)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Longhi-v.-US.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Longhi v. United States<\/em>, 575 F. 3d 458 (5th Cir. 2009) <\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Hendow-v.-University-of-Phoenix.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Hendow v. University of Phoenix<\/em>, 461 F. 3d 1166 (9th Cir. 2006)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Main-v.-Oakland-City-Univ..pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Main v. Oakland City Univ.<\/em>, 426 F. 3d 914 (7th Cir. 2005)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Harrison-v.-Westinghouse-2.pdf\"><em>Harrison v. Westinghouse Savannah River Co<\/em>., 176 F. 3d 776 (4th Cir. 1999)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Young-Monenay.pdf\"><em>Young-Montenay, Inc. v. United States<\/em>, 15 F.3d 1040, 1043 (Fed. Cir. 1994) <\/a><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Young-Monenay.pdf\">(citing <em>Miller v. United States<\/em>, 550 F.2d 17, 23 (Ct. Cl. 1977)) (\u201cIn order to recover damages for violation of the False Claims Act, the government must establish that . . . the United States suffered damages as a result of the false or fraudulent claim.\u201d)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2nd-Cir-1993.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Kreindler &amp; Kreindler v. United Technologies Corp.<\/em>, 985 F.2d 1148, 1157 (2d Cir. 1993), <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cert. denied, 508 U.S. 973, 113 S.Ct. 2962, 125 L.Ed.2d 663 (1993)<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Blusal-Meats-Inc.-v.-United-States.pdf\"><em>Blusal Meats, Inc. v. United States<\/em>, 638 F. Supp. 824, 829 (S.D.N.Y. 1986)\u00a0aff\u2019d, 817 F.2d 1007 (2d Cir. 1987)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Klein-copy.pdf\"><em>United States v. Klein<\/em>, 230 F.Supp. 426, 441\u201342 (W.D.Pa. 1964), aff&#8217;d, 356 F.2d 983 (3d Cir. 1966)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-ex-rel.-Vosika-v.-Starkley-Laboratories.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Vosika v. Starkley Laboratories, Inc<\/em>., 2004 WL 2065127 (D. Minn. 2004)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Tech-Refrigeration.pdf\"><em>United States v. Tech Refrigeration<\/em>, 143 F.Supp.2d 1006, 1007 (N.D. Ill. \u00a02001)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Jana-Markup.pdf\"><em>Jana, Inc. v. United States<\/em>, 41 Fed.Cl. 735, 743 (Fed. Cl. 1998)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-v.-Incorporated-Village-of-Island-Park.pdf\"><em>United States v. Incorporated Village of Island Park<\/em>, 888 F. Supp. 419, 441-2 (E.D.N.Y. 1995)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"font-size: 1rem; color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/W.D.NY-1990.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Duvall v. Scott Aviation, a Div. of Figgie Int&#8217;l Inc<\/em>., 733 F.Supp. 159, 161 (W.D.N.Y. 1990)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Statute of Limitations For a Conspiracy to Defraud the Government<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hesch-Conspiracy.pdf\">Joel D. Hesch, <em>A Comprehensive Analysis of the False Claims Act\u2019s Unique Statute of Limitations: The Supreme Court\u2019s Ruling in Cochise Consultancy, Inc. Was a Good Start but Left Much to Do,<\/em> 70 Syracuse L. Rev. 773 (2020)<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/US-ex-rel.-Fisher-v.-Network-Software-Associates.pdf\"><em>US ex rel. Fisher v. Network Software Associates<\/em>, 180 F. Supp. 2d 192 (D.D.C. 2002)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Kates-Nr.-2.pdf\"><em>United States v. Kates<\/em>, 419 F. Supp. 846 (E.D. Pa. 1976)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fleming-v.-United-States.pdf\"><em>Fleming v. United States<\/em>, 336 F.2d 475, 480 (10th Cir. 1964),\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">cert. denied 380 U.S. 907, 85 S.Ct. 889, 13 L.Ed.2d 795 (1964)<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/United-States-v.-Rohleder.pdf\"><em>United States v. Rohleder<\/em>, 157 F. 2d 126 (3rd Cir. 1946)<\/a><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-734 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_8029.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_8029.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_8029-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_8029-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_8029-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/echo-association.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_8029-624x468.jpg 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Amendments to the False Claims Act of 1863 (&#8220;FCA&#8221; and &#8220;Lincoln Law&#8220;) Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 Senate Report No. 99-345 of the False Claims Amendments Act of 1986 &nbsp; US Supreme Court &#8211; Implied False Certification &amp; Fraudulent Inducement United Health Servs., Inc. v. US ex rel. Escobar, ___ U.S. ___, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10206"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10206"}],"version-history":[{"count":170,"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10479,"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10206\/revisions\/10479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/echo-association.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}